Dual-Use Technologies and Export Control in the Post-Cold War Era.
National Research. Council
Bok Engelsk 1994 · Electronic books.
| Omfang | 1 online resource (230 pages)
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| Utgave | 1st ed.
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| Opplysninger | Dual-Use Technologies and Export Administration in the Post-Cold War Era -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- Contents -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA A Joint Statement of the U... -- JOINT STATEMENT OF THE DELEGATIONS OF THE RAS AND NAS ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION -- PREAMBLE -- INTRODUCTION -- Export Administration -- Defense Conversion -- Brain Drain -- Sustaining Russian Science and Technology -- ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE UNITED STATES -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- PROPOSED RECOMMENDATIONS -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- National Security Concerns -- Confidence Building -- COMPLETE TEXT OF "ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR MULTILATERAL EXPORT CONTROLS (COCOM) -- NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP -- THE AUSTRALIA GROUP -- CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS -- MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME -- Papers Presented at the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Mee... -- HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: CONTROLLABILITY AND COOPERATION -- INTRODUCTION -- CONTROLLABILITY OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SYSTEMS -- Trends in HPC -- HPC TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES -- HPC TRENDS IN THE SOVIET UNION/RUSSIA -- Controllability of HPC -- INTEL PARALLEL SYSTEMS -- TRANSPUTER-BASED SYSTEMS -- RS/6000 CLUSTERS -- Controlling the Acquisition of HPC -- A FRAMEWORK FOR CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES -- Application Domains -- Institutional Arrangements.. - AGENDA SECOND U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE.. - Carbon and Metallocarbon Clusters (Fullerenes) -- Photorefractive Crystals for Highly Sensitive High-Speed Optical Processing -- Nonlinear Optical Materials for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) -- Gas Transducers Based on Organic Semiconductors -- Organosiloxanes Binders and Film-Forming Materials -- Theoretical Investigation of the Characteristics of a Charge: Carrier Transport in Polymer Matrices -- A Study on Multicomponent Functional Optical Ceramics Based on Metal Fluorides -- HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS AS A PHENOMENON OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY -- HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS -- THESIS OF A SPEECH ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT CONTROL -- CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY -- A BINOCULAR VIEW OF THE ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: TWO IS ENOUGH TO HAVE A FIGHT -- ... -- Papers Presented at the Second National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Meetin... -- A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH TO ADDRESSING DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A FRAMEWORK FOR U.S.-RUSSIAN DIALOGUE -- CROSS-CUTTING THEMES -- DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES -- BUILDING CONFIDENCE AND AVOIDING SURPRISES AMONG NATIONS -- Movement of Technical Specialists -- Encouraging Openness in Basic Research -- Separation of Research for Civilian and for Military Purposes -- Case Studies of Dual-use Technologies -- Reports by Industrial Enterprises -- Economic Aspects of Conversion -- Trends in Export Control -- Verification Schemes for Monitoring Dual-Use Technologies -- Lists of Important Technologies -- SETTING THE STAGE FOR FUTURE ACTIVITIES -- JOINT CONCEPT OF U.S. AND RUSSIAN PROVISIONS FOR THE ENSURANCE OF GLOBAL STABILITY UNDER CONDITIONS... -- PREAMBLE -- A New Megatrend of the 1990s: Transition from the Arms Race to Defense Sufficiency -- Bipolar Strategic Arrangement Preservation as a Geopolitical Imperative.. - Expansion of the "Nuclear Club -- Multipolar Geostrategic Set Up - A Way to Apocalypse -- Are Nukes the First Strategic Priority for Technologically Advanced States? -- THE MAIN PRINCIPLES OF SECURING THE WORLD'S STRATEGIC STABILITY BY THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA -- MAIN TYPES OF STRATEGICALLY DANGEROUS ARMAMENTS -- THE MOST IMPORTANT TECHNOLOGIES TO BE RESTRICTED FOR TRANSFER TO OTHER COUNTRIES -- BASIC MEASURES TO PREVENT UNCONTROLLED "BRAIN DRAIN" FROM THE FORMERSOVIET UNION -- BASIC TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR CONTROLLING THE EXPORT OF DUAL-USE PRODUCTS -- SPHERES AND FORMS OF INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC CONTROL -- AUSTRALIA GROUP -- CONTROL OF MISSILE PROLIFERATION -- RUSSIA AND MISSILE PROLIFERATION -- BASIC CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- CONTROL OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A BUSINESSMAN'S RECOMMENDATION FOR PRESERVING THE MILITARY AND ECO... -- INTRODUCTION -- Commercial Sector -- Defense Sector -- WHAT ARE DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES? -- THE FOUNDATION OF U.S. DEFENSE STRATEGY -- Strategic Deterrence and Defense -- Crisis Response -- MEDIUM-SCALE COOPERATIVE ENGAGEMENTS -- UNILATERAL SMALL SCALE ACTION -- THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE -- Pure Defense Companies -- Companies Engaged in Both Commercial and Defense Work -- Companies Which Supply Commercial Off the Shelf Products to DOD -- THE JUSTIFICATION FOR ESTABLISHING IN RUSSIA A COMMISSION ON NON-PROLIFERATION OF POTENTIALLY STRATE... -- REQUIREMENTS FOR LEADING EXPERTS OF THE COMMISSIONS OF THE RUSSIAN CABINET OF MINISTERS ON CONTAINME... -- MAIN GOALS OF THE PROPOSED COMMISSIONS OF THE CABINET OF RUSSIAN MINISTERS ON THE CONTAINMENT OF POT ... -- APPLICATION OF VERIFICATION TO DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY EXPORT CONTROLSAND RELATED ISSUES -- PURPOSE OF THIS SESSION -- SUMMARY OF POINTS TO BE COVERED -- TRENDS OF DEFENSE INDUSTRY.. - Technologies and Measures for Control and Monitoring -- HARD CONTROLS -- SOFT CONTROLS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTROLLABILITY OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES -- INTRODUCTION -- OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES -- Applications -- INNOVATION PATHS -- Vertical, Technical Sequence -- Horizontal, Managerial Sequence -- CONTROLLABILITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPTOELECTRONICS -- Fundamental Science Phase -- CONCLUSION -- Optoelectronic Device Fabrication Phase -- RESEARCH PHASE -- CONCLUSION -- TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND SCALE-UP PHASE -- CONCLUSION -- Incorporation of Optoelectronic Devices in Equipment -- CONCLUSION -- Inventory Tracking and End-Use Verification -- CONCLUSION -- OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- OVERALL CONCLUSIONS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION -- ENDNOTE-SOME EXAMPLES OF POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS IN OPTOELECTRONICS -- AMERICAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY... -- INTRODUCTION -- HPSM DEFINITION AND DISCUSSION -- Characteristics of HPSM -- HPSM Products Enablers -- HPSM Technology Acquisitions -- Framework for Confidence (Trust) Building -- HPSM Control -- A Possible Transition Model for Hard to Soft HPSM Control -- RUSSIAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY... -- INTRODUCTION -- PROGRAM STRUCTURE -- Electronics of Organic Materials -- Organic and Inorganic Ferromagnets -- Development of Highly Sensitive Photoresists Based On Polyfunctional Polymers -- Development of Polymer Compositions for Photochemical Etching of Metallic Films -- Conjugated Polymers As Electroconducting and Electrochromic Materials -- Transport Properties of Conducting Polymers and Carbon-Containing Materials.. - WHAT IS CURRENT COMMERCE DEPARTMENT APPROACH TO DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS? -- NEW THINKING" ON DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS: KEY ISSUES -- ISSUES ON VERIFICATION OF END USE CONTROLS -- EXAMPLES FROM THE MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME -- Current Indigenous Production Capabilities -- Indigenous Capabilities Ten Years in the Future -- Summary of Controllability -- Key Missile-Specific Resources and Technologies -- Dual-Use Technologies -- CRITICAL PROFESSIONS AND CATEGORIES OF SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, PRINCIPLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL AND SOCIAL MOTIVATION OF... -- CASE STUDIES -- THE NEED FOR CASE STUDIES -- PROSPECTIVE TOPICS -- HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING -- Movement of Technical Specialists and "Brain Drain -- Conversion and Confidence-Building -- Diversions and Confidence-Building -- Verification and Monitoring Mechanisms [1,4,6] -- Controls to Third Countries -- REFERENCES: -- ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, CONVERSION, AND DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: THE CASE OF RUSSIA -- THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM -- THE RUSSIAN CASE -- Old Product-Old Customer -- Old Product-New Customer -- New Product-Old Customer -- New Product-New Customer -- INFORMAL MECHANISMS -- RESEARCH TASKS -- RECENT POLICY ON CONVERSION -- LAW ON CONVERSION -- Continued Arms Production -- Arms Exports -- Industrial Policy Contracts -- Production for the Commercial Civilian Market -- ARMS EXPORTS -- APPENDIX I Participants and Agenda for the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy... -- AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS -- RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS -- OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS -- AGENDATHIRD U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES DECEMBER... -- APPENDIX II Participants, Agenda, and Initial Framework for the Second U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy... -- RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS -- AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS -- OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS.
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| ISBN | 9780309586351
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