Experimental approaches to white matter disease
L. Pantoni
Bok Engelsk 1998
| Utgitt | 1998
|
|---|---|
| Omfang | Side 20- 24
|
| Opplysninger | The study of the cerebral white matter (WM) in experimental models ofhypoxia and ischemia has been for a long time neglected, the interestof investigators being focused on the response of the neuronalpopulation. The increasing frequency with which modem neuroimagingtechniques disclose alterations of the WM of possibly vascular originhas called some attention to other components of the cerebralparenchyma, namely oligodendrocytes and myelinated axons. The studieshere reviewed show that it is possible to investigate the WMalterations in appropriate models of cerebral ischemia. In rodents,chronic ischemia produces extracellular fluid accumulation in the WM,moderate loss of oligodendroglial cells and reactive astrogliosis,all of which contribute to the rarefied appearance under the lightmicroscope. These changes are similar to those found in many patientswith leukoencephalopathy of possibly vascular origin. The results ofexperiments using a rat model of focal brain ischemia show thatoligodendrocytes and myelinated fibers are extremely sensitive toischemic insults with alterations of the subcortical WM detected at avery early time. Opportune modifications of these animal models mayrepresent a valuable source of information on the pathogenesis andpathophysiology of human vascular disease of the WM.
|
| Emner |
