Fisheries Acoustics : Theory and Practice


John. Simmonds
Bok Engelsk 2008 · Electronic books.
Annen tittel
Utgitt
Hoboken : : Wiley, , 2008.
Omfang
1 online resource (472 p.)
Utgave
2nd ed.
Opplysninger
Description based upon print version of record.. - Fisheries Acoustics; Contents; Series Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 1.1 A brief history; 1.2 Synopsis; 1.3 Acoustic terminologyand symbols; 2 Underwater Sound; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Sound waves; 2.2.1 Pressure and displacement; 2.2.2 Energy and intensity; 2.2.3 Units; 2.2.4 The decibel; 2.3 Transducers and beams; 2.3.1 The equivalent beam angle; 2.3.2 Controlling the beam shape; 2.3.3 End-fire transducer arrays; 2.3.4 Limits to power transmission in water; 2.4 Acoustic propagation; 2.4.1 Beam spreading; 2.4.2 Absorption; 2.4.3 The sound speed; 2.4.4 Pulses and ranging. - 2.5 Acoustic scattering2.5.1 Targets large and small; 2.5.2 Target strength; 2.5.3 Standard targets; 2.5.4 Target shape and orientation; 2.5.5 Multiple targets; 2.5.6 Volume/area scattering coefficients; 2.5.7 Radiation pressure on targets; 2.5.8 The inverse scattering problem; 2.6 Echo detection; 2.6.1 Reverberation; 2.6.2 Noise; 2.7 The operating frequency; Appendix 2A:Calculation of the acoustic absorption coefficient; Appendix 2B:Calculation of the speed of sound in water; 3 Acoustic Instruments; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Echosounders; 3.2.1 Scientific echosounders; 3.2.2 The echo-integrator. - 3.2.3 The basic netsonde3.2.4 The scanning netsonde; 3.3 Instruments for measuring the target strength; 3.3.1 The dual-beam echosounder; 3.3.2 The split-beam echosounder; 3.3.3 Resolution of single targets; 3.4 Sonars; 3.4.1 Searchlight sonar; 3.4.2 Side-scan sonar; 3.4.3 Sector scanners; 3.4.4 Three-dimensional sonar systems; 3.4.5 The Doppler effect; 3.5 Wideband systems; 3.6 Sound source location:pingers,transponders and hydrophone arrays; 3.7 Installation of acoustic systems; 3.7.1 Transducers on or near the vessel; 3.7.2 Deep-towed bodies; 3.7.3 Vessel noise performance; 3.8 Calibration. - 3.8.1 The on-axis sensitivity3.8.2 Experimental procedure; 3.8.3 The TVG function; 3.8.4 The equivalent beam angle; 3.8.5 Overall sensitivity and the sound speed; 3.8.6 Direction-sensing echosounders; 3.8.7 Calibration of multi-beam sonars; 3.8.8 Good calibration practice; 4 Biological Acoustics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Biological sounds; 4.3 Hearing; 4.3.1 Auditory detection capability; 4.3.2 Masking and the critical bandwidth; 4.3.3 Ultrasound and infrasound; 4.4 Biological sonar; 4.5 Environmental impacts; 4.5.1 High-energy sound sources; 4.5.2 Noise pollution; 4.5.3 Limiting the damage. - 4.6 The swimbladder5 Observation and Measurement of Fish; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Simple observation methods; 5.2.1 Interpreting the echogram; 5.2.2 Echosounder mapping; 5.2.3 Side-scan sonar; 5.2.4 Multi-beam sonar; 5.3 Echo-counting; 5.3.1 Single-target echoes; 5.3.2 Range compensation; 5.3.3 Single-beam echosounders; 5.3.4 Direction-sensing echosounders; 5.3.5 Thresholding and the sampled volume; 5.3.6 Applications; 5.4 Echo-integration; 5.4.1 Range compensation; 5.4.2 The echo-integrator equation; 5.4.3 The linearity principle; 5.4.4 Non-linear effects; 5.4.5 Integration near the seabed. - 5.4.6 The threshold problem. - Living resources of the sea and fresh water have long been an important source of food and economic activity. With fish stocks continuing to be over-exploited, there is a clear focus on fisheries management, to which acoustic methods can and do make an important contribution. The second edition of this widely used book covers the many technological developments which have occurred since the first edition; highly sophisticated sonar and computer processing equipment offer great new opportunities and Fisheries Acoustic, 2e provides the reader with a better understanding of how to i
Emner
Sjanger
Dewey
ISBN
063205994X. - 9780632059942

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