The emergency medicine trauma handbook
edited by Alex Koyfman, Brit Long.
Bok Engelsk 2020 · Electronic books.
| Medvirkende | Koyfman, Alex, (editor.)
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|---|---|
| Utgitt | Cambridge University Press
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| Omfang | 1 online resource (x, 358 pages) : : digital, PDF file(s).
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| Utgave | 1st ed.
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| Opplysninger | Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 26 Aug 2019).. - Cover -- Half-title -- Title page -- Copyright information -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Disclaimer -- Chapter 1 General Approach to Traumatic Injuries -- Introduction -- The Trauma Team -- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) -- Primary Survey -- A - Airway (Key Question: Do We Need to Take Control of the Airway Right Now?) -- B - Breathing (Key Questions: Are Chest Tubes Required? Is There Bleeding in the Chest?) -- C - Circulation (Key Question: Where Are They Bleeding and Do They Need Blood?) -- Hypotension/Shock -- D - Disability (Key Question: Is There a Major Neurologic Deficit?) -- E - Expose (Key Question: What Injuries Haven't Been Found Yet?) -- Secondary Survey -- Imaging -- Trauma Bay Imaging -- CT Scans -- Disposition and Ongoing Care -- References -- Chapter 2 Trauma Airway -- Important Considerations for Airway Management in Trauma Patients -- Consider Pre-existing Difficult Airway -- Trauma Immobilization -- Mechanical Distortion of the Airway and Contiguous Structures -- Indications for Airway Intervention -- Traumatic Injuries with Associated Difficult Airways -- Closed Head Injury -- Maxillofacial Trauma -- Direct Airway Trauma -- Cervical Spine Injury -- Thoracic Trauma -- Burns -- Rapid-Sequence Intubation (RSI) -- Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI): The Technique -- P - Plan B -- P - Predict a Difficult Intubation -- L - Look Externally -- E - Evaluate Internally: The 3-3-2 Rule -- M - Mallampati -- O - Obstruction -- N - Neck mobility -- S - Saturation -- P - Prepare -- P - Preoxygenate -- P - Position -- P - Put to Sleep -- P - Paralyze -- P - Pass the Tube -- Video Laryngoscopy -- The GlideScope -- The C-MAC -- P - Prove Placement -- P - Post-Intubation Management -- Ventilator Settings -- Post-Intubation Ventilator Settings -- Post-Intubation Sedation/Analgesia -- Post-Intubation Paralysis.. - Evaluation.. - Eyelid and Periocular Sensation -- Ocular Examination -- Pupils -- Extraocular Motility -- Anterior Segment -- Retina and Optic Nerve -- Intraocular Pressure Measurement -- Fluorescein Staining -- Diagnostic Imaging -- Vision-Threatening Conditions -- Ocular Chemical Burns -- Orbital Compartment Syndrome -- Carotid-Cavernous Fistula -- Open Globe Injury -- Traumatic Hyphema -- Vitreous Hemorrhage -- Retinal Trauma -- Optic Nerve Injury -- Other Traumatic Eye Presentations -- Traumatic Uveitis -- Eyelid Lacerations -- Corneal Abrasions and Corneal Foreign Bodies -- Conjunctival Injury -- Subconjunctival Hemorrhages -- Conjunctival Lacerations -- Conjunctival Foreign Bodies -- Conjunctival Abrasions -- Orbital Fractures -- References -- Chapter 10 Cervical Spine Trauma -- Anatomy -- History and Physical Examination -- Immobilization -- Decision to Image -- Imaging -- Types of Fractures/Patterns -- General ED Management -- Airway Management -- Steroids -- Complications -- Clinical Clearance of Cervical Spine -- Consultation Indications -- Pitfalls in ED Management -- References -- Chapter 11 Thoracolumbar Trauma -- Anatomy -- Pre-Hospital Management -- Examination of Suspected Thoracolumbar Trauma -- Imaging Thoracolumbar Trauma -- Classification -- Injury Patterns (Table 11.4) -- Compression Fractures -- Burst Fractures -- Chance Fractures -- Translational/Fracture-Dislocation Injuries -- Transverse Process, Spinous Process, Pars Interarticularis Fractures -- Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes -- Brown-Sequard Syndrome -- Central Cord Syndrome -- Anterior Cord Syndrome -- Pitfalls -- References -- Chapter 12 Neck Trauma -- Anatomy -- Penetrating Injuries -- Blunt Injuries -- Strangulation and Hanging -- Airway Management -- Pitfalls -- References -- Chapter 13 Pulmonary Trauma -- Airway Obstruction -- Procedure - In-Line Stabilization.. - P - Problem Solving -- Difficult Intubation -- Devices That Facilitate Intubation -- Endotracheal Tube Introducer -- Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscope (FFB) -- Devices That Temporarily Substitute for Endotracheal Intubation -- Supraglottic Airways -- Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA), the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA), and the i-Gel -- The Failed Airway -- Surgical Airway -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Transfusion in Trauma -- Introduction -- Blood Products -- Negatives of Crystalloid Resuscitation -- Trauma Coagulopathy and the Lethal Triad -- Damage Control Resuscitation -- Permissive Hypotension -- Minimal Volume Normotension -- Balanced Resuscitation -- Primary Literature for MTP -- PROMMTT -- PROPPR -- When Should Massive Transfusion Be Activated? -- How to Run MTP -- Other Products -- Tranexamic Acid (TXA) -- Calcium -- PCC -- Factor VII -- Product Guided Resuscitation -- Resuscitation Goals -- Anticoagulants -- Transfusion Complications -- Controversies - Whole Blood -- References -- Chapter 4 Trauma in Pregnancy -- Epidemiology -- Anatomical Changes in Pregnancy -- Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy -- Overview of Initial Evaluation and Management -- Airway -- Breathing -- Circulation -- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation -- Peri-Mortem Cesarean Section Procedure -- Secondary Survey -- Fetal Assessment -- Ultrasound Examination -- Diagnostic Evaluation -- Therapeutic Considerations -- Other Considerations -- Pitfalls in ED Evaluation and Management -- References -- Chapter 5 Pediatric Trauma -- Epidemiology -- Anatomy and Physiology -- Anatomical Differences -- Airway -- Developing musculoskeletal system -- Physiological differences -- Age-Specific Vitals (Table 5.1) -- Breathing -- Thermoregulation -- Regions -- Head -- Anatomy -- PECARN -- Airway Management -- Neck -- Thorax -- Abdomen -- Extremities.. - Pitfalls in ED Evaluation and Management -- References -- Chapter 6 Geriatric Trauma -- Importance -- Triage of Elderly Trauma Patients -- Prehospital -- After Arrival at the Trauma Center -- Pathophysiology Concerns in the Elderly -- Supporting Evidence -- Mechanisms and Injuries That are More Concerning in the Elderly -- Falls -- Head Injury -- Chest Wall Injuries -- Cervical Spine Injuries -- Pedestrian Struck by Vehicle -- Trauma Survey Principles in the Elderly -- Elder Abuse -- Anticoagulants -- Pitfalls -- References -- Chapter 7 Head Trauma -- Neurologic Injuries -- Physiologic Goals -- Secondary Injuries -- ED Evaluation and Management -- Airway Management -- Pretreatment -- Induction -- Paralysis -- Post Intubation -- Blood Pressure Control -- Hypotension -- Neurogenic Shock -- Vasopressors -- Hypertension -- Hyperosmolar Therapy -- Mannitol -- HTS -- ICP Monitoring -- Utility of US in ICP Evaluation -- Surgical Indications -- Coagulopathy Reversal in Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage -- Seizure Management -- Tranexamic Acid in Head Trauma -- Pitfalls in ED Evaluation and Management -- References -- Chapter 8 Facial Trauma -- Introduction -- The ABCs -- Anatomy -- Approach -- History -- Examination -- Imaging -- Management -- Specific Injuries -- Orbit -- Ear -- Nasal Injury -- Zygomatic Bone Fractures -- Tripod Fracture -- Maxillary Fractures -- TMJ -- Mandible Fractures -- Parotid Duct -- Dental Injuries -- Pitfalls in Facial Trauma -- References -- Chapter 9 Eye Trauma -- Introduction and Epidemiology -- Approach to the Patient With Eye Trauma -- Treat Life-Threatening Conditions First -- Involve the Ophthalmologist Early -- Focused History -- Immediately Identify Acute Visual Threats -- Examination of the Injured Eye -- Visual Acuity -- Periocular Examination -- Orbit and Orbital Rim -- Lids and Lid Function.. - Tension Pneumothorax -- Procedure - Needle Decompression -- Procedure - Pleur-Evac Setup and Troubleshooting -- Procedure - Chest Tube Removal -- Open Pneumothorax -- Massive Hemothorax -- Procedure - Autologous Transfusion -- Flail Chest -- Pulmonary Contusion -- Traumatic Diaphragmatic Injury -- Tracheobronchial Disruption -- Esophageal Disruption -- Pitfalls in Thoracic Trauma -- References -- Chapter 14 Cardiac Trauma -- Causes -- Anatomy -- Pathophysiology -- Approach -- History -- Examination -- Penetrating Cardiac Trauma -- Cardiac Tamponade -- Cardiac Missile -- Iatrogenic Injury -- Blunt Trauma -- Cardiac Rupture -- Coronary Vessel Injury/MI -- Injury to the Valves, Papillary Muscles, Chordae Tendinae, and Septum -- Pericardial Injury -- Cardiac Dysfunction -- Commotio Cordis -- Multisystem Trauma -- Great Vessel Injury -- Evaluation -- Electrocardiogram (ECG) -- Laboratory Assessment with Cardiac Biomarkers -- Imaging -- Ultrasound -- Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) -- Chest X-ray -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- MRI -- Management -- Penetrating Trauma -- Pericardiocentesis -- ED Thoracotomy (EDT) -- Blunt Trauma -- Great Vessel Injury -- Pitfalls in Cardiac Trauma -- References -- Chapter 15 Abdominal and Flank Trauma -- Introduction -- Causes -- Anatomy -- Pathophysiology -- History -- Examination -- Differential Diagnosis -- Hepatic Injury -- Splenic Injury -- Duodenal Injury -- Pancreatic Injury -- Diaphragmatic Injury -- Renal Injury -- Evaluation -- Laboratory Testing -- Imaging -- Ultrasound (US) -- Radiography -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage (DPL) -- Management -- Pitfalls in Abdominal and Flank Trauma -- References -- Chapter 16 Genitourinary Trauma -- Overview -- Signs and Symptoms -- Diagnostic Studies -- Kidney -- Anatomy -- Evaluation -- Management -- Complications -- Ureter -- Anatomy.. - Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability around the world, and the leading cause of death in those aged under forty-five years. Conditions such as airway obstruction, hemorrhage, pneumothorax, tamponade, bowel rupture, vascular injury, and pelvic fracture can cause death if not appropriately diagnosed and managed. This essential book provides emergency physicians with an easy-to-use reference and source for traumatic injury evaluation and management in the Emergency Department. It covers approaches to common, life-threatening, and traumatic diseases in the Emergency Department, for use on shift and as a reference for further learning. Each chapter includes a succinct overview of common traumatic injuries, with evaluation and management pearls and pitfalls. Highly illustrated with images from one of the busiest trauma centers in the US, and featuring expert contributions from a diverse set of attending physicians, this is an essential text for all emergency medicine practitioners.
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| Emner | |
| Sjanger | |
| Dewey | |
| ISBN | 1-108-64739-1
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