Lightning : Physics and Effects
Vladimir A. Rakov
Bok Engelsk 2003 · Electronic books.
| Utgitt | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , 2003
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| Omfang | 1 online resource (706 p.)
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| Opplysninger | Description based upon print version of record.. - Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1. Historical overview; 1.2. Types of lightning discharge and lightning terminology; 1.3. Summary of salient lightning properties; 1.4. The global electric circuit; 1.5. Regarding the utilization of lightning energy; 1.6. Summary; References and bibliography; 2 Incidence of lightning; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Characterization of individual storms and storm systems; 2.3. Thunderstorm days; 2.4. Thunderstorm hours; 2.5. Lightning flash density; 2.6. Long-term variations in lightning incidence. - 2.7. Ratio of cloud flashes to cloud-to-ground flashes2.8. Characteristics of lightning as a function of season, location, and storm type; 2.9. Lightning incidence to various objects; 2.10. Summary; References and bibliography; 3 Electrical structure of lightning-producing clouds; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Cumulonimbus; 3.3. Non-cumulonimbus; 3.4. Summary; References and bibliography; 4 Downward negative lightning discharges to ground; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. General picture; 4.3. Initial breakdown; 4.4. Stepped leader; 4.5. Attachment process; 4.6. Return stroke; 4.7. Subsequent leader. - 4.8. Continuing current4.9. M-component; 4.10. J-and K-processes; 4.11. Regular pulse bursts; 4.12. Summary; References and bibliography; 5 Positive and bipolar lightning discharges to ground; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Conditions conducive to the occurrence of positive lightning; 5.3. Characterization of positive lightning; 5.4. Bipolar lightning discharges to ground; 5.5. Summary; References and bibliography; 6 Upward lightning initiated by ground-based objects; 6.1. Introduction; 6.2. General characterization; 6.3. Overall electrical characteristics; 6.4. Impulsive currents. - 6.5. Lightning current reflections within tall objects6.6. Electromagnetic fields due to lightning strikes to tall objects; 6.7. Acoustic output; 6.8. Summary; References and bibliography; 7 Artificial initiation (triggering) of lightning by ground-based activity; 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. Rocket-triggered lightning; 7.3. Other lightning triggering techniques; 7.4. Concluding remarks; References and bibliography; 8 Winter lightning in Japan; 8.1. Introduction; 8.2. Formation of winter thunderclouds; 8.3. Evolution of winter thunderclouds; 8.4. Characteristics of natural winter lightning. - 8.5. Rocket-triggered lightning in winter8.6. Summary; References and bibliography; 9 Cloud discharges; 9.1. Introduction; 9.2. General information; 9.3. Phenomenology inferred from VHF-UHF imaging; 9.4. Early (active) stage; 9.5. Late (final) stage; 9.6. Comparison with ground discharges; 9.7. Summary; References and bibliography; 10 Lightning and airborne vehicles; 10.1. Introduction; 10.2. Statistics on lightning strikes to aircraft; 10.3. Major airborne research programs; 10.4. Mechanisms of lightning-aircraft interaction; 10.5. Lightning test standards; 10.6. Accidents; 10.7. Summary. - References and bibliography. - A highly illustrated book covering all aspects of lightning, including lightning physics and protection.
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| Emner | |
| Sjanger | |
| Dewey | |
| ISBN | 0521035414. - 0521583276
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