Serotonin, Panic disorder and agoraphobia: Short term and long-term efficacy of citalopram in panic disorders
M. HUmble
Bok Engelsk
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| Utgave | Kopi
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| Opplysninger | A serotonin-anxiety connection has been widely recognized. In panic disorder(PD) however, most researchers have emphasized noradrenergic mechanisms. serotonin related findings in PD, e.g. the documented antipanic potential of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are reviewed, lending support for a serotonergic deficit contributing to the pathophysiology of pD. Since citalopram is the most selective SSRI described, it was chosen as a tool for testing whether the serotonin reuptake inhibition per se is responsible for this antipanic effect.Twenty patients with PD with or without agoraphobia (DSM-III-R criteria) were treated openly with citalopram and assessed with CAS, MADRS, SCL-90 the Agoraphobia Scale, other self-ratings, and a panic diary.. - The results support the hypothesis that serotonin reuptake inhibition is essential for the antipanic effect of antoidepressants as well as for the initial paradoxial increase of anxiety often seen with these drugs. Thus, an initial deteroriation, possibly due to transient decrese of sertotonin transmission, turns to imiprovement when serotonergic potentation has occurred.. - Thirteen of the 17 patients completing 8 weeks of treatment were judged as responders. The response seemed similar to or better that that seen with other antidepressants. The response covered broad aspects of morbidity, e.g. anticipatory anxiety, agoraphobia and somatization. In the first week, a transient increase of panic-related symptoms was observed. Sixteen of teh patients were enrolled in a 15 months' study of long-term maintenace treatment; 11 patients completed this phase. The gains were maintained during this follow-up, and further improvement was observed. Side effects were similar to those of other SSRIs and mostly mild. For instance, weight-gain was not associated with citalopram treatment.
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